Choroid plexus papilloma in a mature cystic teratoma of ovary: A rare case report

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is the most common type of germ cell tumor. It constitutes approximately 20% of all ovarian neoplasms. As a rare occurrence, however, several types of benign and malignant tumours developing secondarily in dermoid cysts have been reported. Those of central nervous origin are almost exclusively gliomas of astrocytic, ependymal or oligodendroglial lineage. Choroid plexus tumors are unusual intracranial tumors which comprised of only 0.4?0.6% of all brain tumors. These are neuroectodermal in origin and similar in structure to a normal choroid plexus in the form of multiple papillary fronds mounted on a well vascularized connective tissue stroma. The present case report highlights the presence of a choroid plexus tumor in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary in a 27?year?old woman who came for safe confinement and cesarean section.

Intraperitoneal dissemination of primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of omentum simulating an ovarian cancer – A case report

Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a rare subtype of liposarcoma with a high preponderance of local recurrence and distant metastasis. The frequent site of DDLPS is the retroperitoneum, followed by the limbs and trunk. The primary omental DDLPS is very rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature. Here we report a rare case of primary giant DDLPS of omentum with intraperitoneal metastasis in a 61year old woman. The present case report adds to our knowledge, that a case of intraperitoneal DDLPS can mimic ovarian cancer clinically and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pelvic mass in postmenopausal women.

Hemangiomas versus arterio-venous malformations: Role of elastic stains and mast cell density.

Context: Vascular anomalies present diagnostic challenges to histopathologists. Mulliken and Glowacki’s classification categorizes vascular lesions into hemangiomas and vascular malformations. Aim: This study explored diagnostic clues in the histomorphology of hemangiomas and vascular malformations. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 cases of benign vascular lesions were retrieved from 12 years period. A total of 94 cases, where complete clinical details and representative paraffi n sections were available, were included in this study. Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain and Verhoeff’s stain for elastic tissue were done on all cases and lesions were classifi ed into hemangiomas or arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Mast cell density in all lesions was calculated from toluidine blue stained sections. Results: Ten cases of hemangiomas were reclassifi ed as AVM on the basis of presence and absence of arteriovenous structures. Intra-lesional nerves were seen in signifi cantly higher number of AVMs compared to hemangiomas. Medium and thick sized nerve bundles were seen in 56% of AVMs, while they were not seen in any of the hemangiomas. Mean mast cell density was signifi cantly higher in proliferating hemangiomas (53.12 ± 27.83 cells/mm2) compared to involuting hemangiomas (11.43 ± 7.9 cells/mm2). Conclusions: Use of elastic tissue stains are useful ancillary tools to distinguish between AVMs and hemangiomas. The presence of arteries and arterioles are an integral part of AVMs. The presence of the intra-lesional nerves can be useful to distinguish between AVMs and hemangiomas even on H and E stained sections. The signifi cantly higher mast cell density seen in proliferating hemangiomas compared with involuting ones, seem to suggest that mast cells play an important role in the natural history of these lesions.

Scrofuloderma - A case series from rural India.

Summary: Cutaneous tuberculosis is the rarest presentation of all the forms of tuberculosis. Scrofuloderma is a frequent manifestation of cutaneous tuberculosis in Indian scenario. Males are affected one and half times more than females. The most common affected age group showing clinical infection is within the first three decades of life. A series of cases mostly malnourished children attending a tertiary care centre in a rural area of central India is being reported. They have presented with a wide spectrum of clinical features, forcing us to establish the final diagnosis by Mantoux test, fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathological examination. The mainstay of treatment remains medical therapy but the underlying cause for severe immunosuppression needs to be ruled out and treated.

Reassessment of risk factors for oral cancer.

A total of 140 cases of histologically confirmed oral cancer were evaluated for their demographic details, dietary habits and addiction to tobacco and alcohol using a pre-designed structured questionnaire at the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram in Central India. These cases were matched with three sets of age and sex matched controls. Oral cancer was predominant in the age group of 50-59 years. Individuals on a non-vegetarian diet appeared to be at greater risk of developing oral cancer. Cases were habituated to consuming hot beverages more frequently and milk less frequently than controls. Consumption of ghutka, a granular form of chewable tobacco and areca nut, was significantly associated with oral cancer cases. Cases had been using oral tobacco for longer duration than controls, and were habituated to sleeping with tobacco quid in their mouth. Most cases were also addicted to smoking tobacco and alcohol consumption. Bidi (a crude cigarette) smoking was most commonly associated with oral cancer. On stratified analysis, a combination of regular smoking and oral tobacco use, as well as a combination of regular alcohol intake and oral tobacco use were significantly associated with oral cancer cases. Synergistic effects of all three or even two of the risk factors - oral tobacco use, smoking and alcohol consumption- was more commonly seen in cases when compared to controls.

Study of haemoglobin S percentage and haematological parameters in sickle cell trait.

A total of 101 individuals who showed AS pattern on haemoglobin electrophoresis were included in this study and various haematological investigations were carried out on them. Of these, 79 cases were grouped as AS patients. Twenty two healthy relatives of sickle anemia patients were grouped as AS controls. Twenty AA controls were also included in this study. Haemoglobin S (HbS) and hemoglobin A (HbA) quantitation was carried out. The frequency distribution of HbS percentage showed that maximum subjects had HbS levels above 33%. A female predominance was seen in subjects of sickle cell trait. Haemoglobin levels and total red cell counts of AS patients were found to be significantly lower than those of AS controls. Reticulocyte counts and hematocrit values of AS patients were found to be significantly higher than AS controls. MCV and MCH values of AS patients were found to be significantly lower, but MCHC was not significantly altered.